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action:Execute_a_Shell_Script [2017/03/14 04:43]
peternlewis [Quoting Strings]
action:Execute_a_Shell_Script [2023/09/22 04:39] (current)
peternlewis [Quoting Strings]
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-{{:​action:​shell-script-icon.png?​nolink|}} 
 ====== Execute a Shell Script ====== ====== Execute a Shell Script ======
  
-===== How To Use =====+The //Execute a Shell Script// action executes a specified shell script using `/bin/sh`, either from a file or from the script embedded in the action.
  
-**The Execute a Shell Script action ​executes a specified ​shell script, ​either from a file or from the script ​embedded ​in the _Action_.  +**Important:​** 
-**+ 
 +* It is best to always specify the language using the `#!` at the front of the script. 
 +* The script is executed with the `sh` shell, so if you want to use another language, or use any special kinds of shell-specific syntax, then you should specify the language. 
 +* For more details and examples, see [[https://​forum.keyboardmaestro.com/​t/​impact-of-macos-catalina-defaulting-to-unix-shell-using-zsh/​15503/​12?​u=jmichaeltx|How to Use Shebang at Top of Shell Script]] 
 + 
 +To execute the script from an external file, choose the "​Execute Script File" in the choices for script location. 
 + 
 +You can choose what input (stdin) to send to the script (v8+) as well as where the output should go. 
 + 
 +{{:action:execute-shell-script.png?​nolink&​693|}} 
 + 
 +If the script failsthe action will fail (v9.0+), potentially aborting the macro. 
 + 
 +Keyboard Maestro sets the environment variables for the script ​to include all your variables, using a prefix of `KMVAR_` and your variable name with spaces changed ​in to underscores (‗). For example, your Keyboard Maestro “File Name” variable will be available as the environment variable `KMVAR_File_Name`
 + 
 +Keyboard Maestro also provides (v10.0+) a number of environment variables that contain information about the executing macro. These include: 
 + 
 +^environment variable^meaning^ 
 +|`KMINFO_MacroName`|The name of the parent executing macro| 
 +|`KMINFO_MacroUUID`|The UUID of the parent executing macro| 
 +|`KMINFO_MacroGroupName`|The name of the macro group containing the parent executing macro| 
 +|`KMINFO_MacroGroupUUID`|The UUID of the macro group containing the parent executing macro| 
 +|`KMINFO_ThisMacroName`|The name of the executing macro| 
 +|`KMINFO_ThisMacroUUID`|The UUID of the executing macro| 
 +|`KMINFO_ThisMacroGroupName`|The name of the macro group containing the executing macro| 
 +|`KMINFO_ThisMacroGroupUUID`|The UUID of the macro group containing the executing macro| 
 +|`KMINFO_TriggerTime`|The [[/​unixtime|unixtime]] the parent macro started executing| 
 +|`KMINFO_TriggerBase`|The type of the trigger that started the parent macro| 
 +|`KMINFO_Trigger`|The trigger description of the trigger that started the parent macro| 
 +|`KMINFO_TriggerValue`|the value associated with how the parent macro was triggered| 
 +|`KMINFO_ActionResult`|The success or failure of the immediate past action| 
 +|`KMINFO_LastWindowID`|The window ID of the most recently displayed Keyboard Maestro Engine window| 
 +|`KMINFO_PromptWithListText`|The text typed in the most recently executed [[action:​Prompt_With_List|Prompt With List]] action| 
 +|`KMINFO_PasteByNameText`|The text typed in the most recently executed [[action:​Paste_by_Name|Paste by Name]] action|
  
-To execute the script from an external file, choose the "​Execute Script File" in the choices for script location.\\ 
-{{:​action:​km-7.3-execute-shell-script.png?​nolink|}} 
 ==== Using Keyboard Maestro Variables ==== ==== Using Keyboard Maestro Variables ====
  
-Use this format:  ​`$KMVAR_[variable_name]`+Keyboard Maestro variables are included in the environment of the script, with the prefix ​`KMVAR_` ​and spaces in the name replaced with underscores (‗),
  
-where //​[variable‗name]//​ is the name of your Keyboard Maestro Variable, but with spaces in the name replaced with underscores ​(`‗`).+By default, all variables are included, but you can select No Variables, or specific variables as desired using the popup menu next to the script ​(v11.0+).
  
-For example: ​ "​**File Name**"​ would be formated as "​**$KMVAR‗File‗Name**"​.+=== Most Shell Languages like bash ===
  
-If your variable already has underscores,​ you can use as is.+In your script, use this format $KMVAR‗*VARIABLE‗NAME* where *VARIABLE‗NAME* is the name of your Keyboard Maestro Variable, but with spaces in the name replaced with underscores (‗). 
 + 
 +For example: ​ `File Name` would be formatted as $KMVAR‗File‗Name. 
 + 
 +If your variable already has underscores,​ you can use it as is.
  
 {{:​action:​km7-shell-script.png?​nolink|}} {{:​action:​km7-shell-script.png?​nolink|}}
 +
 +Keep in mind that $KMVAR‗*VARIABLE‗NAME* is a shell environment variable, and this format is directly accessible to `bash`, `sh`, `zsh`, etc. Other languages may need a different method to read the shell environment variables.
  
 Note that you can only read these environment variables. ​ You cannot write to them (or more accurately, you can write to them but that will not change the Keyboard Maestro variables that they were created from). Note that you can only read these environment variables. ​ You cannot write to them (or more accurately, you can write to them but that will not change the Keyboard Maestro variables that they were created from).
 +
 +==== Perl====
 +
 +```perl
 +my $fileName = $ENV{KMVAR_File_Name};​
 +```
 +
 +==== Python ====
 +
 +```python
 +#​!/​usr/​bin/​env python
 +
 +import os
 +print os.environ['​KMVAR_File_Name'​]
 +```
 +
 +See the [[#​Forum|Forum]] section below for more Python examples.
 +
 +==== awk ====
 +
 +[Using shell variables in awk](https://​stackoverflow.com/​a/​15787068/​915019) is also different than in most other shell languages. ​ You need to pass the shell variable as parameter to the -v flag.
 +
 +Some examples:
 +
 +```bash
 +awk -v awkVariable="​$KMVAR_File_Name"​ 'BEGIN {print "The value of VAR is: " awkVariable}'​
 +```
 ==== Passing Paths in Variables ==== ==== Passing Paths in Variables ====
  
 If you are passing a file/folder path in a Keyboard Maestro Variable, then it is best to put the Variable reference in double quotes so that spaces in the path will work, like this: If you are passing a file/folder path in a Keyboard Maestro Variable, then it is best to put the Variable reference in double quotes so that spaces in the path will work, like this:
 +
 ```bash ```bash
 cat "​$KMVAR_File_Path"​ cat "​$KMVAR_File_Path"​
 ``` ```
  
-This must be a full path.  ​**If the path starts with a tilde (~)**, then you must first convert it to a full path using the [[action: Filter_Variable ​ | Filter Variable, Expand tilde (~) paths]] Action BEFORE the Execute Shell Script Action.+**Consider These Guidelines**
  
-For more info, see an excellentdetailed discussion of [[https://​forum.keyboardmaestro.com/​t/​png-metadata-comment/​6375/​29?​u=jmichaeltx ​How To Quote Paths by @ccstone]].+  * This must be a full path.  **If the path starts with a tilde (~)**then you must first convert it to a full path using the [[action:Filter ​Filter, Expand tilde (~) paths]] action **before** the Execute Shell Script action. 
 +  * Like all Bash variables, the Keyboard Maestro Variable must _not_ be between single quotes (`'`) in order for the variable to be expanded to / replaced by its value. ​ So, for example, **this will _not_ work**:
  
 +```bash
 +# 🚫 Does NOT Work
 +echo 'The variable is "​$KMVAR_File_Name"'​
 +```
  
 +because although the Variable is between double-quotes,​ it is in a string that is between single-quotes.
 +
 +  * So, to handle this case, you can use something like this:
 +
 +```bash
 +# ✅ This WORKS
 +echo 'The variable is "'"​$KMVAR_File_Name"'"'​
 +```
 +
 +One key Bash feature that makes this work is that when two quoted strings are adjacent, they will be concatenated. ​ So after the Variable is expanded, the command string might look like this:
 +
 +```bash
 +echo 'The variable is "​Test.txt"'​
 +```
 +
 +==== UTF-8 and Non-ASCII Characters ====
 +
 +If you are dealing with non-ASCII characters, you probably want to set the `LC_ALL` environment variable to UTF8, which you can do by setting the Keyboard Maestro variable `ENV_LC_ALL` to “en_US.UTF-8”.
 +
 +By default (v9.0+), if you have not set these environment variables they will be set to UTF-8 for you.
  
 ==== Action Gear ==== ==== Action Gear ====
  
-The Action ​(gear) menu includes the following options:+The action ​(gear) ​⚙ menu includes the following options:
  
 * Trim Results — removes white space from the start and end of the scripts results. * Trim Results — removes white space from the start and end of the scripts results.
 * Include Errors — include stdout and stderr results from the script. * Include Errors — include stdout and stderr results from the script.
- 
  
 ==== Output of Results ==== ==== Output of Results ====
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 The results of a shell script can be: The results of a shell script can be:
  
-  * Ignored. +{{page>​include:​ScriptOutput#​}} 
-  * Displayed in a floating window. + 
-  * Displayed briefly in a Notification. +If the output is going to a clipboard or a file, the downloaded data can be an image (v11.0+)
-  * Typed in to the current selection. + 
-  * Pasted in to the current selection+If you want to return multiple values from script, then you can use AppleScript (via `osascript`) ​to [[manual:​Scripting#​AppleScript|set Keyboard Maestro variables]].
-  * Saved to a variable. +
-  * Saved to the system or a Named Clipboard. +
-  * Asynchronously ignored — the action runs while the macro continues on.+
  
-If you want to return multiple values from a script, then you can either use AppleScript (via `osascript`) to [[manual:​Scripting#​AppleScript|set Keyboard Maestro variables]]. 
 ===== Examples ===== ===== Examples =====
  
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 ===== Quoting Strings ===== ===== Quoting Strings =====
  
-Proper quoting of strings in a Shell Script is often a challenge.+Proper quoting of strings in a Shell Script is often a challenge.  In order to understand it, you have to understand what happens at each level of the processing.
  
-For discussion on how to quote a string, ​see this [[https://forum.keyboardmaestro.com/t/having-trouble-with-quotes-and-shell-variables/​6236/​9?​u=jmichaeltx | Keyboard Maestro Forum post by @PeterNLewis]].+Thankfully, in an Execute Script action, Keyboard Maestro itself does not do any processing, so that is one less place for confusion. 
 + 
 +With shell commands, the important thing to understand is that, with only few exceptional programs, it is not the command that does the processing, it is the shell (bash usually, although there are many shells). 
 + 
 +So for example with Keyboard Maestro variable set to `"​Selection Style" -int 0` and en Execute Shell Script command of: 
 + 
 +```bash 
 +defaults write /​Users/​me/​Library/​Application\ Support/​Witch/​Settings $KMVAR_witchPref 
 +``` 
 + 
 +It is the *bash* tool that sees the string and it processes it in to an array of strings which it passes to the *defaults* tool.  This is important - the defaults command receives not single ​string, ​but an array of strings, in this case the array will be: 
 + 
 +* `defaults` 
 +* `write` 
 +*  `/Users/me/​Library/​Application Support/​Witch/​Settings` 
 +* `"​Selection` 
 +* `Style"​` 
 +* `-int` 
 +* `0` 
 + 
 +It is bash that has processed the variable substitution for $KMVAR_witchPref,​ split the line in to seven parts, processed the backslash in "​Application\ Support"​ and then executed the defaults tool with the seven parts as arguments (the command itself is the 0th argument, normally mostly ignored by tools). 
 + 
 +So the problem is that the word-breaking,​ variable substitution,​ de-quoting and de-backslash is all happening as the line is processed by bash, after which you are left with quotes from within variable substitution,​ but they no longer have any meaning, they are just characters. 
 + 
 +So variables that are meant to be a single parameter should be surrounded by double quotes in the line, but not contain quotes in the variable, and generally you do not want to pass multiple parameters within a single parameter. ​ So instead, perhaps set one variable to the setting name, and one variable to the type and one variable to the value, and then use a command like this: 
 + 
 +```bash 
 +defaults write "/Users/me/​Library/​Application Support/​Witch/​Settings"​ "​$KMVAR_Setting" ​-"​$KMVAR_Type"​ "​$KMVAR_Value"​ 
 +``` 
 + 
 +Now a further complication happens when you want to send a string containing double quotes and variables to a parameter. ​ For example, perhaps you want a command like this: 
 + 
 +```bash 
 +emacsclient ​-e '(w3m-browse-url "​$KMVAR_SafariURL"​)'​ 
 +``` 
 + 
 +This will not work because bash only expands variables within double-quoted strings. ​ Within single quoted strings, they remain as the text `$KMVAR_SafariURL` (unchanged). ​ And so emactsclient will receive the array: 
 + 
 +* `emacsclient` 
 +* `-e` 
 +* `(w3m-browse-url "​$KMVAR_SafariURL"​)` 
 + 
 +But it will not expand the variable (that is the shell’s job). 
 + 
 +To work around this you need to use either all double ​quotes ​(and backslash any double quotes within them) such as: 
 + 
 +```bash 
 +emacsclient ​-e "​(w3m-browse-url \"​$KMVAR_SafariURL\"​)"​ 
 +``` 
 + 
 +or use a combination of strings, some double quoted ​and some single quoted: 
 + 
 +```bash 
 +emacsclient ​-e '​(w3m-browse-url "'"​$KMVAR_SafariURL"'"​)'​ 
 +``` 
 + 
 +Note that that parameter is now made up of three stings combined into one parameter:  
 + 
 +* `(w3m-browse-url "` - single quoted string 
 +* the value of $KMVAR_SafariURL - double quoted string 
 +* `")` - single quoted string 
 + 
 +For the reverse problem, where you have a variable that contains multiple parameters, note that you cannot use quotes within a variable ​- by the time the shell is expanding variables, it has already processed quotes and will not do so again so quotes will just be regular characters passed to the target command and almost certainly result in errorsIf possible, use seperate variables for seperate parameters, but if you cannot do that (for example you have a list of paths), store them as seperate lines in a variable (without any quoting or backslashes) and use a command like: 
 + 
 +```bash 
 +echo "​$KMVAR_files"​ | tr '​\r\n'​ '​\0'​ | xargs -0 ls -l 
 +```
  
 +The tr command will replace `\r` or `\n` line endings with a nul character, and the `xargs -0` command will read that, split the arguments at the nul character, and pass them to the specified command (in this case `ls -l`. Note that xargs has a limit to the number of arguments it will pass, so for large numbers of arguments it may run the command multiple times with subsets of the arguments - read the `xargs` man page for more details.
  
 ===== Path in Shell Scripts ===== ===== Path in Shell Scripts =====
  
-**In essence, the _default_ path in a Keyboard Maestro Execute Shell Script is the base path for the system:**+In essence, the _default_ path in a Keyboard Maestro Execute Shell Script is the base path for the system:
  
     /​usr/​bin:/​bin:/​usr/​sbin:/​sbin     /​usr/​bin:/​bin:/​usr/​sbin:/​sbin
  
-that is the script will search for tools in the `/usr/bin` directory, then in the `/bin` directory, then `/usr/sbin` and finally `/​sbin`. ​ Only tools installed by the system will be in these directories - any tools you have installed will almost certainly be elsewhere and so not found by default because:+That is the script will search for tools in the `/usr/bin` directory, then in the `/bin` directory, then `/usr/sbin` and finally `/​sbin`. ​ Only tools installed by the system will be in these directories - any tools you have installed will almost certainly be elsewhere and so not found by default because:
  
-  * **shell ​scripts are executed in non-interactive mode** (see the INVOCATION section of the [bash man page](https://​developer.apple.com/​library/​mac/​documentation/​Darwin/​Reference/​ManPages/​man1/​bash.1.html)), the **only** path preset by default is the system path. +  * Shell scripts are executed in non-interactive mode (see the INVOCATION section of the sh man page), the **only** path preset by default is the system path. 
-  ​* **Thus, your tools or files may not be automatically accessible.**+  * Thus, your tools or files may not be automatically accessible.
   * The `$PATH` environment variable you may have set in Terminal is **not** used.   * The `$PATH` environment variable you may have set in Terminal is **not** used.
-  * None of your profile scripts (like *~/.profile*) will be executed.+  * None of your profile scripts (like `~/.profile`) will be executed.
   * Custom environment variable settings will not be applied, including any settings for tool-specific environment variables like PERL5LIB.   * Custom environment variable settings will not be applied, including any settings for tool-specific environment variables like PERL5LIB.
  
-**How To Set a Path** +Generally, ​the best thing to do is to use full paths when referring ​to tools, such as `/usr/​local/​bin/perl`however some tools may access sub-tools ​that they cannot find without ​the PATH (or other environment ​variables) being set.
-  * If you need access to tools (executables) or files that you installed (not part of the system installation),​\\ **You will need to do one of the following:​**\\ ​   +
-    * **Use an explicit, full path** to the tool or file.\\ See [[#​Passing_Paths_in_Variables|Passing Paths in Variables]] in the above section.\\ OR +
-    * **Set the `$PATH` environment variable within each Execute Shell Script action**.\\ OR +
-    * **Set `ENV_PATH`** (the Keyboard Maestro Path Variable) **prior to the Execute Shell Script Action.** +
-      * The path defined in this Variable will automatically apply to every Execute Shell Script, without need for further reference. ​ It will work just like your `$PATH` works in the Terminal app. +
-      * You can set this Variable manually in the [[manual:​Windows#​Preferences_Variables_Pane|Variable Preferences Pane]] of the _Keyboard Maestro App Preferences_. +
-      * Once the `ENV_PATH` Variable ​is set, it will remain in your Keyboard Maestro Variable set (until/​unless you delete it), available ​to every Execute Shell Script Action that you might use in the future. ​ So you don't need to set it in every Macro. +
-      * If your tool requires other environment variables to be set you can set them as well by creating an appropriate Keyboard Maestro variable with `ENV_` at the front. +
-        * For example, if you want to use [[https://www.perl.org/ | Perl]] with a custom library search path in a Execute Shell Script actionyou can also create a Keyboard Maestro Variable `ENV_PERL5LIB` ​that will set the the [[http://​perldoc.perl.org/​perlrun.html#​ENVIRONMENT|PERL5LIB ​environment ​variable]] for each Execute Shell Script.+
  
-**Setting ​the ENV‗PATH Keyboard Maestro Variable**+If you need access to tools (executables) or files that you installed (not part of the system installation), ​**you will need to do one of the following:​** 
 +    * Use an explicit, full path to the tool or file. See [[#​Passing_Paths_in_Variables|Passing Paths in Variables]] in the above section. **or** 
 +    * Set the `$PATH` environment variable within each Execute Shell Script action. ​**or** 
 +    * Set `ENV_PATH` Keyboard Maestro variable prior to the Execute Shell Script Action.
  
-A shell script path that will work for many users is:+Any Keyboard Maestro variable ​that starts with `ENV_` will automatically be set as the as the corresponding environment variable (without the usual `KMVAR_` prefix). So if you set your path in the `ENV_PATH` Keyboard Maestro variable, the `PATH` environment variable ​will be set from it.
  
-    /​usr/​local/​bin:/​usr/​bin:/​bin:/​usr/​sbin:/sbin+You can set this Variable manually in the [[manual:Preferences#​Variables_Preferences|Variable Preferences Panel]] in Keyboard Maestro. Once the `ENV_PATH` variable is set, it will remain in your Keyboard Maestro variable until/unless you delete it, and remain available to every Execute a Shell Script action that you might use in the future. ​ So you don’t need to set it in every Macro.
  
-Of course, if you have tools or files you installed elsewhere, then you would need to include ​the path to those in this path statement, IF you plan to use any of those tools/files in a Execute Shell Script Action.+If your tool requires other environment variables to be set you can set them as well by creating an appropriate Keyboard Maestro variable with `ENV_` at the front.
  
-You can create the `ENV_PATH` Variable one time using the [[manual:Windows#​Preferences_Variables_Pane|Variable Preferences Pane]] of the _Keyboard Maestro Preferences_. +For example, if you want to use [[https://​www.perl.org/ ​Perl]] with a custom library search path in the Execute ​Shell Script action, you can also create a Keyboard Maestro ​variable `ENV_PERL5LIBthat will set the [[http://​perldoc.perl.org/​perlrun.html#​ENVIRONMENT|PERL5LIB environment variable]].
-  * Add a variable ​named `ENV_PATHand set its value. +
-  * Once set, it will remain unchanged until you change or delete it.+
  
-{{:​action:​env_path-var-preferences-km-7.3.png?​nolink|}}+===== Working Directory ===== 
 + 
 +The working directory for any executed scripts will be set from the Keyboard Maestro `ENV_PWD` directory (v10.0+), or default to the root directory (`/`).
  
-For a good discussion about this see:  ​ 
-  * [KM can"t find shell commands ](https://​forum.keyboardmaestro.com/​t/​km-cant-find-shell-commands/​5430) 
-  * [[https://​forum.keyboardmaestro.com/​t/​png-metadata-comment/​6375/​16?​u=jmichaeltx | Post by @ccstone]] 
  
---- 
 ===== Execute Script From Other Apps ===== ===== Execute Script From Other Apps =====
  
-When you execute a shell script from other apps, like Terminal.app,​ the shell does NOT have access to the Keyboard Maestro Engine environment,​ and thus it does NOT know anything about Keyboard Maestro Variables.+When you execute a shell script from other apps, like Terminal.app,​ the shell does **not** ​have access to the Keyboard Maestro Engine environment,​ and thus it does **not** ​know anything about Keyboard Maestro Variables.
  
 In order to access Keyboard Maestro Variables in these scripts, you must use a tool like [[https://​developer.apple.com/​library/​mac/​documentation/​Darwin/​Reference/​ManPages/​man1/​osascript.1.html|osascript]]. In order to access Keyboard Maestro Variables in these scripts, you must use a tool like [[https://​developer.apple.com/​library/​mac/​documentation/​Darwin/​Reference/​ManPages/​man1/​osascript.1.html|osascript]].
  
-(!)  Note that you do NOT need to replace spaces with underscores in your Variable name in this case, since you are ultimately using AppleScript in the Shell Script. +Here is a simple example to **get** a variable:
- +
-Here is a simple example ​that works with Keyboard Maestro Ver 6+ to **get** a variable:+
 <​code>​ <​code>​
-osascript -e 'tell application "​Keyboard Maestro Engine"​ to get value of variable ​"My KM Var"'​+osascript -e 'tell application "​Keyboard Maestro Engine"​ to getvariable ​"My KM Var"'​
 </​code>​ </​code>​
  
-If you are using Keyboard Maestro 7.1+ you can use the new simpler command to **get** variable+(!)  Note that you do **not** replace spaces with underscores in your variable ​name in this case, since you are ultimately using AppleScript in the Shell Script.
-<​code>​ +
-osascript -e 'tell application "​Keyboard Maestro Engine"​ to getvariable "My KM Var"'​ +
-</​code>​+
  
-To **set** a variable (and create if needed) ​with Ver 7.1+ you can use this:+To **set** a variable (and create if needed) you can use this:
 <​code>​ <​code>​
 osascript -e 'tell application "​Keyboard Maestro Engine"​ to setvariable "My KM Var" to "Some new value"'​ osascript -e 'tell application "​Keyboard Maestro Engine"​ to setvariable "My KM Var" to "Some new value"'​
Line 155: Line 291:
 osascript -e "​$theAppleScript";​ osascript -e "​$theAppleScript";​
 </​code>​ </​code>​
-===== See Also ===== 
  
-----+===== See Also =====
  
 === Actions === === Actions ===
  
 +* [[action:​Execute_a_Swift_Script|Execute a Swift Script]]
 * [[action:​Execute an AppleScript|Execute an AppleScript]] * [[action:​Execute an AppleScript|Execute an AppleScript]]
 * [[action:​Execute an Automator Workflow|Execute an Automator Workflow]] * [[action:​Execute an Automator Workflow|Execute an Automator Workflow]]
 * [[action:​Execute a JavaScript For Automation|Execute a JavaScript For Automation]] * [[action:​Execute a JavaScript For Automation|Execute a JavaScript For Automation]]
-* [[action:​Filter ​Variable|Filter Variable with Expand Tilde In Path]]+* [[action:​Filter|Filter Variable with Expand Tilde In Path]]
 * [[:​Actions|See all Actions]] * [[:​Actions|See all Actions]]
  
----- 
 ==== Forum ==== ==== Forum ====
  
 +- [[https://​forum.keyboardmaestro.com/​t/​impact-of-macos-catalina-defaulting-to-unix-shell-using-zsh/​15503/​12?​u=jmichaeltx|How to Use Shebang at Top of Shell Script]]
 +- [[https://​forum.keyboardmaestro.com/​t/​png-metadata-comment/​6375/​29|PNG Metadata "​Comment"​]]
 +- [[https://​forum.keyboardmaestro.com/​t/​having-trouble-with-quotes-and-shell-variables/​6236/​9|Having trouble with quotes and shell variables]]
 +- [[https://​forum.keyboardmaestro.com/​t/​km-cant-find-shell-commands/​5430|KM can't find shell commands]]
 - [[https://​forum.keyboardmaestro.com/​t/​tag-selected-files/​220/​11|Tag Selected Files]] - [[https://​forum.keyboardmaestro.com/​t/​tag-selected-files/​220/​11|Tag Selected Files]]
 - [[https://​forum.keyboardmaestro.com/​t/​processing-selected-files-in-a-python-script/​275|Processing selected files in a python script]] - [[https://​forum.keyboardmaestro.com/​t/​processing-selected-files-in-a-python-script/​275|Processing selected files in a python script]]
Line 185: Line 324:
 - [[https://​forum.keyboardmaestro.com/​t/​using-installed-shell-tools-from-km/​4341/​10|Using installed shell tools from KM]] - [[https://​forum.keyboardmaestro.com/​t/​using-installed-shell-tools-from-km/​4341/​10|Using installed shell tools from KM]]
 - [[https://​forum.keyboardmaestro.com/​t/​feature-request-execute-python-script/​4927/​6|[feature request] execute python script]] - [[https://​forum.keyboardmaestro.com/​t/​feature-request-execute-python-script/​4927/​6|[feature request] execute python script]]
 +For more info, see these discussions in the Keyboard Maestro Forum:
 +- [[https://​forum.keyboardmaestro.com/​t/​png-metadata-comment/​6375/​29| How To Quote Paths by @ccstone]].
 +- [[https://​forum.keyboardmaestro.com/​t/​trouble-expanding-variable-in-shell-script/​13664/​2?​u=jmichaeltx | Trouble Expanding Variable in Shell Script by @PeterNLewis]]
 +- [[https://​forum.keyboardmaestro.com/​t/​km-cant-find-shell-commands/​5430| KM can’t find shell commands]]
 +- [[https://​forum.keyboardmaestro.com/​t/​png-metadata-comment/​6375/​16| Post by @ccstone]]
  
 - [[https://​forum.keyboardmaestro.com/​tags/​shellscript|Keyboard Maestro Forum topics about Shell Script]] - [[https://​forum.keyboardmaestro.com/​tags/​shellscript|Keyboard Maestro Forum topics about Shell Script]]
- 
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 **Keywords:​** Quote String, Bash, Shell Scripting **Keywords:​** Quote String, Bash, Shell Scripting
action/Execute_a_Shell_Script.1489481025.txt.gz · Last modified: 2017/03/14 04:43 by peternlewis