User Tools

Site Tools


action:Execute_a_Shell_Script

Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

Link to this comparison view

Both sides previous revision Previous revision
Next revision
Previous revision
action:Execute_a_Shell_Script [2021/10/14 05:08]
peternlewis [Execute a Shell Script]
action:Execute_a_Shell_Script [2023/09/22 04:39] (current)
peternlewis [Quoting Strings]
Line 41: Line 41:
 ==== Using Keyboard Maestro Variables ==== ==== Using Keyboard Maestro Variables ====
  
-=== Most Languages like bash, perl, ruby ===+Keyboard Maestro variables are included in the environment of the script, with the prefix `KMVAR_` and spaces in the name replaced with underscores (‗), 
 + 
 +By default, all variables are included, but you can select No Variables, or specific variables as desired using the popup menu next to the script (v11.0+). 
 + 
 +=== Most Shell Languages like bash ===
  
 In your script, use this format $KMVAR‗*VARIABLE‗NAME* where *VARIABLE‗NAME* is the name of your Keyboard Maestro Variable, but with spaces in the name replaced with underscores (‗). In your script, use this format $KMVAR‗*VARIABLE‗NAME* where *VARIABLE‗NAME* is the name of your Keyboard Maestro Variable, but with spaces in the name replaced with underscores (‗).
Line 131: Line 135:
 The results of a shell script can be: The results of a shell script can be:
  
-  * Ignored. +{{page>​include:​ScriptOutput#​}}
-  * Displayed in a floating window. +
-  * Displayed briefly in a Notification. +
-  * Displayed large across the screen. +
-  * Typed in to the current selection. +
-  * Pasted in to the current selection. +
-  * Saved to a variable. +
-  * Appended to a variable (v9.0+). +
-  * Saved to the system or a Named Clipboard. +
-  * Asynchronously ignored — the action runs while the macro continues on.+
  
-If you want to return multiple values from a script, then you can either ​use AppleScript (via `osascript`) to [[manual:​Scripting#​AppleScript|set Keyboard Maestro variables]].+If the output is going to a clipboard or a file, the downloaded data can be an image (v11.0+). 
 + 
 +If you want to return multiple values from a script, then you can use AppleScript (via `osascript`) to [[manual:​Scripting#​AppleScript|set Keyboard Maestro variables]].
  
 ===== Examples ===== ===== Examples =====
Line 176: Line 173:
 It is bash that has processed the variable substitution for $KMVAR_witchPref,​ split the line in to seven parts, processed the backslash in "​Application\ Support"​ and then executed the defaults tool with the seven parts as arguments (the command itself is the 0th argument, normally mostly ignored by tools). It is bash that has processed the variable substitution for $KMVAR_witchPref,​ split the line in to seven parts, processed the backslash in "​Application\ Support"​ and then executed the defaults tool with the seven parts as arguments (the command itself is the 0th argument, normally mostly ignored by tools).
  
-So the problem is that the word-breaking,​ variable substitution,​ de-quoting and de-backslash is all happening ​at as the line is processed by bash, after which you are left with quotes from within variable substitution,​ but they no longer have any meaning, they are just characters.+So the problem is that the word-breaking,​ variable substitution,​ de-quoting and de-backslash is all happening as the line is processed by bash, after which you are left with quotes from within variable substitution,​ but they no longer have any meaning, they are just characters.
  
 So variables that are meant to be a single parameter should be surrounded by double quotes in the line, but not contain quotes in the variable, and generally you do not want to pass multiple parameters within a single parameter. ​ So instead, perhaps set one variable to the setting name, and one variable to the type and one variable to the value, and then use a command like this: So variables that are meant to be a single parameter should be surrounded by double quotes in the line, but not contain quotes in the variable, and generally you do not want to pass multiple parameters within a single parameter. ​ So instead, perhaps set one variable to the setting name, and one variable to the type and one variable to the value, and then use a command like this:
Line 247: Line 244:
 Any Keyboard Maestro variable that starts with `ENV_` will automatically be set as the as the corresponding environment variable (without the usual `KMVAR_` prefix). So if you set your path in the `ENV_PATH` Keyboard Maestro variable, the `PATH` environment variable will be set from it. Any Keyboard Maestro variable that starts with `ENV_` will automatically be set as the as the corresponding environment variable (without the usual `KMVAR_` prefix). So if you set your path in the `ENV_PATH` Keyboard Maestro variable, the `PATH` environment variable will be set from it.
  
-You can set this Variable manually in the [[manual:manual/Preferences#​Variables_Preferences|Variable Preferences Panel]] in Keyboard Maestro. Once the `ENV_PATH` variable is set, it will remain in your Keyboard Maestro variable until/​unless you delete it, and remain available to every Execute a Shell Script action that you might use in the future. ​ So you don’t need to set it in every Macro.+You can set this Variable manually in the [[manual:​Preferences#​Variables_Preferences|Variable Preferences Panel]] in Keyboard Maestro. Once the `ENV_PATH` variable is set, it will remain in your Keyboard Maestro variable until/​unless you delete it, and remain available to every Execute a Shell Script action that you might use in the future. ​ So you don’t need to set it in every Macro.
  
 If your tool requires other environment variables to be set you can set them as well by creating an appropriate Keyboard Maestro variable with `ENV_` at the front. If your tool requires other environment variables to be set you can set them as well by creating an appropriate Keyboard Maestro variable with `ENV_` at the front.
  
 For example, if you want to use [[https://​www.perl.org/​ | Perl]] with a custom library search path in the Execute a Shell Script action, you can also create a Keyboard Maestro variable `ENV_PERL5LIB` that will set the [[http://​perldoc.perl.org/​perlrun.html#​ENVIRONMENT|PERL5LIB environment variable]]. For example, if you want to use [[https://​www.perl.org/​ | Perl]] with a custom library search path in the Execute a Shell Script action, you can also create a Keyboard Maestro variable `ENV_PERL5LIB` that will set the [[http://​perldoc.perl.org/​perlrun.html#​ENVIRONMENT|PERL5LIB environment variable]].
 +
 +===== Working Directory =====
 +
 +The working directory for any executed scripts will be set from the Keyboard Maestro `ENV_PWD` directory (v10.0+), or default to the root directory (`/`).
 +
  
 ===== Execute Script From Other Apps ===== ===== Execute Script From Other Apps =====
Line 294: Line 296:
 === Actions === === Actions ===
  
 +* [[action:​Execute_a_Swift_Script|Execute a Swift Script]]
 * [[action:​Execute an AppleScript|Execute an AppleScript]] * [[action:​Execute an AppleScript|Execute an AppleScript]]
 * [[action:​Execute an Automator Workflow|Execute an Automator Workflow]] * [[action:​Execute an Automator Workflow|Execute an Automator Workflow]]
action/Execute_a_Shell_Script.1634202495.txt.gz · Last modified: 2021/10/14 05:08 by peternlewis